STCU Project #3718

"Neutral and charged nanostructures in liquid and solid helium"

(2007-2010)

Abstract

Comprehensive experimental and theoretical investigations of the conditions for formation of new neutral nanosystems in solid and superfluid helium under different phase transitions will be carried out. Also charged low-dimensional nanostructures formed by "surface" electrons localized over liquid helium will be studied. It is expected that the conditions for realization of spinodal decay of 3He-4He quantum solid solutions, as a means for obtaining various nanostructures and testing the theory of homogeneous nucleation, will be determined. For such systems we suggest to perform a search and a study of nanoclusters formed by various ways under a phase separation. It is also assumed that nanoclusters may be formed under structural phase transitions when the lattice symmetry of helium undergoes drastic changes; we contemplate investigating kinetics of this process. For superfluid 3He-4He solutions, we suggest to clear up the role of quantum vortices in the process of phase separation as well as the forming conditions of a 3He-vortex nanosystem and its properties. As for surface electrons, high-quality one- and zero-dimensional nanostructures will be produced with the use of new technologies and ideas, and the principal mechanisms of electron transport in 1D nanochannels and the kinetic properties of the system of ordered quantum dots will be studied. The studies of mobility and spectral characteristics of a two-dimensional electron Wigner crystal over the surface of superfluid helium allow us to establish dissipative processes and the conditions of plastic deformation of electron crystal. The new fundamental concepts that will be derived from the project will made it possible to develop physical bases for the application of the system of ordered quantum dots in the production of cubits for quantum computers. The investigation of the conditions to form and stabilize the quantum vortices under phase transition may be applied for diagnosing high vortices in the atmosphere (tornados) and also for data recording and coding. Based on the methods and devices to be developed in the project, a new second-sound electroinductive transducer and a commercial version of the low-temperature crystallization thermometer will be proposed. The latter may be also used for the determination of the thermodynamics temperature scale in a wide temperature range.

Supported publications

• A.P. Birchenko, Ye.O. Vekhov, N.P. Mikhin, and K.A. Chishko, The Hysteresis of bcc-hcp Transition in Solid 3He-4He Mixture // FNT, 35, 1177 2009.
  
• Ye.O. Vekhov, A.P. Birchenko, N.P. Mikhin, and E.Ya. Rudavskii, Fast Diffusion Process in Quenched hcp Dilute Solid 3He-4He Mixture // J. of Low Temp. Phys. Online 2009.
  
• A.S.Rybalko, S.P.Rubets, E.Ya.Rudavskii, V.A. Tikhiy, S.I.Tarapov, R.Golovaschenko,V.N.Derkach, Interaction of the microwaves with the superfluid flow in He II, Fiz.Nizk.Temp., 34, №4/5, 326, 2008.
  
• V.N.Grigorev, V.A.Maidanov, V.Yu.Rubanskii, S.P.Rubets, E.Ya.Rudavskii, A.S.Rybalko, V.A.Tikhiy, Formation of a glassy phase in solid 4Не. Contribution of pressure in the supersolid region, Fiz.Nizk.Temp., 34, № 4/5, 431, 2008.
  
• R.I.Scherbachenko, V.N.Grigorev, Dynamic characteristics of the helium adsorbents. Influence of the heat flow, Fiz.Nizk.Temp., 34, № 6, 605, 2008.
  
• A.S.Rybalko, S.P.Rubets, E.Ya.Rudavskii, V.A. Tikhiy, S.I.Tarapov, R.Golovaschenko,V.N.Derkach, Microwave experiments in Не II. New features of the persistent superfluid flow, Fiz.Nizk.Temp., 34, №7, 631, 2008.
  
• G.Sheshin, V.Chagovets, T.Kalko, E.Rudavskii, A.Zadorozhko, Convective Turbulence in Superfluid Solutions 3He– 4He, JLTP, 150, 420, 2008.
  
• S.S.Sokolov, J.M.Villas-Baas, N.Studart, Yu.Monarkha, Confinement effects in decay rate of surface electron states over liquid helium, Fiz.Nizk.Temp., 480, 2008.
  
• Yu.Kovdrya, V.Nikolaenko, A.Smorodin, S.Sokolov, Anomalies of conductivity of Q1D surface electron system over liquid helium, JLTP, 150, 242, 2008.
  
• V.N. Grigor’ev, N.P. Mikhin, E.Y. Rudavskii, Y.O. Vekhov, The bcc-hcp Phase Transition in 4He: Comparison with the Theory of Homogeneous Nucleation, JLTP, 150, 47, 2008.

Staff B.I. Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering, Kharkov Rudavskii E.Ya. (Project Manager) Mikhin N.P. Maidanov V.A. Sokolov S.S. Rybalko A.S. Nikolaenko V.A. Neoneta A.S. Vekhov Ye.O. Rubets S.P. Zadorozhko A.A. A.I.Ahiezer Institute for Theoretical Physics National Science Center "Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology", Kharkov Slezov V.V.  Institute of Physics, Kyiv Pashitsky E.A.

Collaborators Dwight Adams, University of Florida, USA Adrian Wyatt, University of Exeter, UK Vladimir Mikheev, Oxford Instruments, UK Robert Shekhter, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden Brian Cowan, Royal Holloway Univercity of London, UK Reyer Jockemsen, Leiden University, Netherlands King-Ning Tu, University of California, Los Angeles, USA Jurn Schmelzer, University of Rostock, Germany Vladimir Shvarts, Sonoma Research Company. Wilmington, Massachusetts, USA Jost Engert, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Mitglid des Prasidiums, Berlin, Germany Yuri Mukharsky, CEA Saclay, Paris, France